This is gnus, produced by makeinfo version 4.6 from gnus.texi. Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being "A GNU Manual", and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License" in the Emacs manual. (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development." This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being "A GNU Manual", and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License" in the Emacs manual. (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development." This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. INFO-DIR-SECTION Emacs START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY * Gnus: (gnus). The newsreader Gnus. END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY  Indirect: gnus-1: 2361 gnus-2: 297990 gnus-3: 597750 gnus-4: 897282 gnus-5: 1171767  Tag Table: (Indirect) Node: Top2361 Node: Starting Up28913 Node: Finding the News30241 Node: The First Time33397 Node: The Server is Down34326 Node: Slave Gnusae35598 Node: New Groups37553 Node: Checking New Groups38401 Node: Subscription Methods40306 Node: Filtering New Groups42949 Node: Changing Servers44814 Node: Startup Files47064 Node: Auto Save51160 Node: The Active File52327 Node: Startup Variables55009 Node: Group Buffer56803 Node: Group Buffer Format58289 Node: Group Line Specification58636 Node: Group Mode Line Specification63431 Node: Group Highlighting63855 Node: Group Maneuvering66249 Node: Selecting a Group67662 Node: Subscription Commands71821 Node: Group Data73220 Node: Group Levels74057 Node: Group Score78337 Node: Marking Groups79642 Node: Foreign Groups80934 Node: Group Parameters85625 Ref: subscribed87934 Node: Listing Groups100002 Node: Sorting Groups103068 Node: Group Maintenance106364 Node: Browse Foreign Server107285 Node: Exiting Gnus108549 Node: Group Topics109544 Node: Topic Commands111337 Node: Topic Variables116611 Node: Topic Sorting117648 Node: Topic Topology118927 Node: Topic Parameters120209 Node: Misc Group Stuff122923 Node: Scanning New Messages125937 Node: Group Information127075 Node: Group Timestamp129301 Node: File Commands130831 Node: Sieve Commands131277 Node: Summary Buffer133083 Node: Summary Buffer Format135669 Node: Summary Buffer Lines136903 Node: To From Newsgroups143058 Node: Summary Buffer Mode Line146202 Node: Summary Highlighting147688 Node: Summary Maneuvering148838 Node: Choosing Articles151924 Node: Choosing Commands152224 Node: Choosing Variables154326 Node: Paging the Article155714 Node: Reply Followup and Post157725 Node: Summary Mail Commands158091 Node: Summary Post Commands164144 Node: Summary Message Commands166352 Node: Canceling and Superseding166821 Node: Delayed Articles169140 Node: Marking Articles172596 Node: Unread Articles173509 Node: Read Articles174716 Node: Other Marks176312 Node: Setting Marks179871 Node: Generic Marking Commands182782 Node: Setting Process Marks184180 Node: Limiting186584 Node: Threading190452 Node: Customizing Threading192142 Node: Loose Threads192597 Node: Filling In Threads198745 Node: More Threading201376 Node: Low-Level Threading203778 Node: Thread Commands204903 Node: Sorting the Summary Buffer207527 Node: Asynchronous Fetching210726 Node: Article Caching214195 Node: Persistent Articles217583 Node: Article Backlog219004 Node: Saving Articles220054 Node: Decoding Articles229167 Node: Uuencoded Articles230699 Node: Shell Archives232010 Node: PostScript Files232676 Node: Other Files233198 Node: Decoding Variables233497 Node: Rule Variables233880 Node: Other Decode Variables234765 Node: Uuencoding and Posting237702 Node: Viewing Files239005 Node: Article Treatment240695 Node: Article Highlighting241909 Node: Article Fontisizing245038 Node: Article Hiding246904 Node: Article Washing251978 Ref: Article Washing-Footnote-1260392 Node: Article Header260494 Node: Article Buttons261077 Node: Article Button Levels265690 Node: Article Date268097 Node: Article Display270325 Node: Article Signature271714 Node: Article Miscellanea273855 Node: MIME Commands274081 Node: Charsets281225 Node: Article Commands284226 Node: Summary Sorting284633 Node: Finding the Parent285955 Node: Alternative Approaches289764 Node: Pick and Read290211 Node: Binary Groups293007 Node: Tree Display293657 Node: Mail Group Commands297990 Node: Various Summary Stuff302549 Node: Summary Group Information306253 Node: Searching for Articles307252 Node: Summary Generation Commands308284 Node: Really Various Summary Commands308831 Node: Exiting the Summary Buffer310619 Node: Crosspost Handling314059 Node: Duplicate Suppression316227 Node: Security319085 Node: Mailing List321293 Node: Article Buffer322208 Node: Hiding Headers322859 Node: Using MIME327011 Node: Customizing Articles331986 Node: Article Keymap336925 Node: Misc Article338816 Node: Composing Messages342007 Node: Mail343203 Node: Posting Server344466 Node: POP before SMTP346962 Node: Mail and Post348793 Node: Archived Messages350817 Node: Posting Styles356115 Node: Drafts361404 Node: Rejected Articles363977 Node: Signing and encrypting364935 Node: Select Methods366385 Node: Server Buffer368289 Node: Server Buffer Format370136 Node: Server Commands370934 Node: Example Methods371913 Node: Creating a Virtual Server374737 Node: Server Variables375850 Node: Servers and Methods377113 Node: Unavailable Servers377528 Node: Getting News379372 Node: NNTP379817 Node: Direct Functions387455 Node: Indirect Functions389808 Node: Common Variables393767 Node: NNTP marks395368 Node: News Spool397093 Node: Getting Mail398837 Node: Mail in a Newsreader399947 Node: Getting Started Reading Mail403120 Node: Splitting Mail404650 Node: Mail Sources409420 Node: Mail Source Specifiers409921 Node: Mail Source Customization423212 Node: Fetching Mail425263 Node: Mail Back End Variables426618 Node: Fancy Mail Splitting429222 Node: Group Mail Splitting438353 Node: Incorporating Old Mail443902 Node: Expiring Mail445609 Node: Washing Mail453891 Node: Duplicates457254 Node: Not Reading Mail459459 Node: Choosing a Mail Back End460482 Node: Unix Mail Box461518 Node: Rmail Babyl462164 Node: Mail Spool462791 Node: MH Spool466728 Node: Maildir467804 Node: Mail Folders481058 Node: Comparing Mail Back Ends484168 Node: Browsing the Web493248 Node: Archiving Mail495535 Node: Web Searches497029 Node: Slashdot500064 Node: Ultimate502797 Node: Web Archive503775 Node: RSS504850 Node: Customizing W3508746 Node: IMAP509726 Node: Splitting in IMAP521330 Node: Expiring in IMAP527216 Node: Editing IMAP ACLs528714 Node: Expunging mailboxes529684 Node: A note on namespaces530100 Node: Debugging IMAP532054 Node: Other Sources533279 Node: Directory Groups533913 Node: Anything Groups535024 Node: Document Groups537697 Node: Document Server Internals540575 Node: SOUP546691 Node: SOUP Commands549604 Node: SOUP Groups551415 Node: SOUP Replies553387 Node: Mail-To-News Gateways554106 Node: Combined Groups555946 Node: Virtual Groups556331 Node: Kibozed Groups560035 Node: Email Based Diary562027 Node: The NNDiary Back End563828 Node: Diary Messages564672 Node: Running NNDiary566604 Node: Customizing NNDiary569386 Node: The Gnus Diary Library570262 Node: Diary Summary Line Format571209 Node: Diary Articles Sorting573299 Node: Diary Headers Generation574032 Node: Diary Group Parameters574982 Node: Sending or Not Sending575652 Node: Gnus Unplugged576426 Node: Agent Basics578610 Node: Agent Categories583004 Node: Category Syntax584882 Node: Category Buffer594269 Node: Category Variables595392 Node: Agent Commands597187 Node: Group Agent Commands597750 Node: Summary Agent Commands598700 Node: Server Agent Commands599605 Node: Agent Visuals599987 Node: Agent as Cache603930 Node: Agent Expiry605000 Node: Agent Regeneration606424 Node: Agent and IMAP607762 Node: Outgoing Messages610013 Node: Agent Variables611089 Node: Example Setup616771 Node: Batching Agents618660 Node: Agent Caveats619189 Node: Scoring619975 Node: Summary Score Commands622285 Node: Group Score Commands628232 Node: Score Variables628887 Node: Score File Format635223 Node: Score File Editing648187 Node: Adaptive Scoring649304 Node: Home Score File655930 Node: Followups To Yourself658787 Node: Scoring On Other Headers660288 Node: Scoring Tips661481 Node: Reverse Scoring663042 Node: Global Score Files663539 Node: Kill Files666293 Node: Converting Kill Files668853 Node: Advanced Scoring669572 Node: Advanced Scoring Syntax670312 Node: Advanced Scoring Examples672153 Node: Advanced Scoring Tips673959 Node: Score Decays675025 Node: Various677391 Node: Process/Prefix678928 Node: Interactive681022 Node: Symbolic Prefixes681890 Node: Formatting Variables683416 Node: Formatting Basics685382 Node: Mode Line Formatting686371 Node: Advanced Formatting687261 Node: User-Defined Specs689288 Node: Formatting Fonts690426 Node: Positioning Point692648 Node: Tabulation693406 Node: Wide Characters694281 Node: Window Layout694967 Node: Faces and Fonts704995 Node: Compilation705340 Node: Mode Lines706328 Node: Highlighting and Menus707985 Node: Buttons710230 Node: Daemons711539 Node: NoCeM714327 Node: Undo718764 Node: Predicate Specifiers720352 Node: Moderation721117 Node: Fetching a Group722316 Node: Image Enhancements722772 Ref: Image Enhancements-Footnote-1723463 Node: X-Face723522 Ref: X-Face-Footnote-1727594 Ref: X-Face-Footnote-2727767 Node: Face727871 Node: Smileys729119 Node: Picons730215 Node: XVarious732594 Node: Fuzzy Matching733883 Node: Thwarting Email Spam734658 Node: The problem of spam736209 Node: Anti-Spam Basics740748 Node: SpamAssassin743066 Node: Hashcash746166 Node: Filtering Spam Using The Spam ELisp Package749361 Node: Spam ELisp Package Sequence of Events751912 Node: Spam ELisp Package Filtering of Incoming Mail757222 Node: Spam ELisp Package Global Variables761338 Node: Spam ELisp Package Sorting and Score Display in Summary Buffer769401 Node: Spam ELisp Package Configuration Examples771191 Node: Blacklists and Whitelists778232 Node: BBDB Whitelists781405 Node: Gmane Spam Reporting783241 Node: Anti-spam Hashcash Payments784475 Node: Blackholes785103 Node: Regular Expressions Header Matching786637 Node: Bogofilter787738 Node: SpamAssassin back end791058 Node: ifile spam filtering792946 Node: spam-stat spam filtering794210 Node: SpamOracle796032 Node: Extending the Spam ELisp package800802 Node: Filtering Spam Using Statistics with spam-stat805161 Node: Creating a spam-stat dictionary807025 Node: Splitting mail using spam-stat809892 Node: Low-level interface to the spam-stat dictionary812463 Node: Other modes815613 Node: Various Various816383 Node: The End820224 Node: Appendices820866 Node: XEmacs821568 Node: History821968 Node: Gnus Versions823699 Node: Other Gnus Versions824992 Node: Why?825621 Node: Compatibility826981 Node: Conformity829682 Node: Emacsen832324 Node: Gnus Development832875 Node: Contributors834751 Node: New Features841221 Node: ding Gnus841991 Node: September Gnus845340 Node: Red Gnus850410 Node: Quassia Gnus854120 Node: Pterodactyl Gnus857302 Node: Oort Gnus858980 Node: No Gnus879305 Node: On Writing Manuals884952 Node: Terminology885893 Node: Customization892612 Node: Slow/Expensive Connection893212 Node: Slow Terminal Connection894122 Node: Little Disk Space895788 Node: Slow Machine896809 Node: Troubleshooting897282 Node: Gnus Reference Guide901862 Node: Gnus Utility Functions903247 Node: Back End Interface905746 Ref: Back End Interface-Footnote-1909753 Node: Required Back End Functions909846 Node: Optional Back End Functions918052 Node: Error Messaging927208 Node: Writing New Back Ends928289 Node: Hooking New Back Ends Into Gnus933814 Node: Mail-like Back Ends935255 Node: Score File Syntax936877 Node: Headers940271 Node: Ranges941507 Node: Group Info943538 Node: Extended Interactive946967 Node: Emacs/XEmacs Code948341 Node: Various File Formats950295 Node: Active File Format950574 Node: Newsgroups File Format951552 Node: Emacs for Heathens952208 Node: Keystrokes953015 Node: Emacs Lisp954899 Node: Frequently Asked Questions957038 Node: FAQ - Changes959176 Node: FAQ - Introduction959378 Node: FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ961202 Node: [1.1]961761 Node: [1.2]962190 Node: [1.3]962904 Node: [1.4]963360 Node: [1.5]964437 Node: [1.6]964954 Node: [1.7]965295 Node: FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer965664 Node: [2.1]966485 Node: [2.2]967102 Node: [2.3]967456 Node: [2.4]967914 Node: [2.5]968787 Node: FAQ 3 - Getting Messages969126 Node: [3.1]970434 Node: [3.2]970972 Node: [3.3]972331 Node: [3.4]972858 Node: [3.5]973415 Node: [3.6]973861 Node: [3.7]974409 Node: [3.8]975278 Node: [3.9]978415 Node: [3.10]979962 Node: [3.11]980314 Node: FAQ 4 - Reading messages981799 Node: [4.1]983652 Node: [4.2]984813 Node: [4.3]985294 Node: [4.4]985523 Node: [4.5]985759 Node: [4.6]986386 Node: [4.7]986977 Node: [4.8]987448 Node: [4.9]988125 Node: [4.10]990973 Node: [4.11]991585 Node: [4.12]992176 Node: [4.13]993107 Node: [4.14]994262 Node: [4.15]996383 Node: FAQ 5 - Composing messages999427 Node: [5.1]1000861 Node: [5.2]1001801 Node: [5.3]1002188 Node: [5.4]1003352 Node: [5.5]1005335 Node: [5.6]1006633 Node: [5.7]1007267 Node: [5.8]1009205 Node: [5.9]1010577 Node: [5.10]1011399 Node: [5.11]1011791 Node: [5.12]1012378 Node: FAQ 6 - Old messages1014509 Node: [6.1]1015117 Node: [6.2]1016072 Node: [6.3]1017690 Node: [6.4]1019342 Node: [6.5]1020234 Node: [6.6]1021531 Node: FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment1022015 Node: [7.1]1022588 Node: [7.2]1024355 Node: [7.3]1025460 Node: [7.4]1026888 Node: FAQ 8 - Getting help1027423 Node: [8.1]1027992 Node: [8.2]1028580 Node: [8.3]1029095 Node: [8.4]1029540 Node: [8.5]1030218 Node: [8.6]1030537 Node: FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus1030888 Node: [9.1]1031239 Node: [9.2]1032188 Node: [9.3]1033239 Node: FAQ - Glossary1033611 Node: Index1034635 Node: Key Index1171767  End Tag Table